Chiisanoside Is Not Absorbed but Inhibits Oil Absorption in the Small Intestine of Rodents

Chiisanoside is the main component of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus leaves. Simultaneous administration of chiisanoside resulted in a decrease in the plasma TG level and increase of undigested TG in the intestinal lumen after oil gavage to mice. This suggests that chiisanoside has the potential to prevent obesity as a lipase inhibitor which suppresses fat absorption in vivo.     

细柱五加茎中6种化合物体外对人肺癌细胞株A549的生长抑制作用

目的:观察细柱五加茎中6个化合物对人肺癌细胞株A549的抑制作用.方法:从细柱五加茎中提取得到16-α-羟-19-贝壳杉烷酸、16αH,17 - isovaleryloxy - ent - kauran - 19 - oic acid、贝壳杉烷酸苷A、紫丁香苷、松柏苷、刺五加苷D等6个化合物,采用MTT法测定其对人肺癌细胞株A549的生长抑制.结果:发现化合物16-α-羟-19 -贝壳杉烷酸、16αH,17 - isovaleryloxy - ent - kauran - 19 - oic acid、贝壳杉烷酸苷A、紫丁香苷、松柏苷对人肺癌A549细胞均具有不同程度的抑制作用,与空白对照相比具有显著性差异(P＜0.05).刺五加苷D对人肺癌A549细胞的增殖抑制率与其浓度成负相关,随着浓度的增加细胞生长抑制率不断降低.结论:6个化合物呈现不同的体外抗肿瘤作用,为细柱五加茎中的抗肿瘤活性成分.     

Immunostimulating Effects of Extract of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus

As malfunction/absence of immune cells causes a variety of immunosuppressive disorders and chemical synthetic drugs for curing these diseases have many adverse effects, vigorous studies are being conducted. The Acanthopanax family has been used as traditional medicines for gastric ulcer, diabetes, etc. and culinary materials in East-South Asia. In this study, the immunostimulating properties of A. sessiliflorus were evaluated. A. sessiliflorus increased not only the splenocyte number but also immune-related cytokines such as TNF-α. However, it could not upregulate the expressions of IFN-γ and IL-2. A. sessiliflorus increased the swimming time, and comparison of organ weights relative to body weights for immune-related organs such as the spleen and thymus after a forced swim test showed that it could recover the spleen and thymus weights. It also increased the expression of TNF-α and slightly increased the concentration of IFN-γ but not IL-2. From the results, we concluded that as A. sessiliflorus has not only a host defense effect but also a stress-ameliorating property, further study it will be a promising material of immunostimulating material.     

红毛五加多糖不同组分对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞免疫功能的研究

本文研究红毛五加多糖不同组分(AHP-I、AHP-II、AHP-III)对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞免疫调节功能的影响,为进一步阐明红毛五加多糖对小鼠免疫调节作用机制奠定基础。采用不同浓度的3种多糖组分作用于小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,测定其对巨噬细胞吞噬中性红、释放NO能力、分泌IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β水平的影响。最后结果是红毛五加多糖的3种不同组分对小鼠免疫细胞有不同的刺激能力。其中,AHP-II可极其显著地增强吞噬细胞的吞噬功能,促进其合成NO,促进巨噬细胞细胞因子的分泌。因此红毛五加多糖能激活小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,其中,AHP-II是最重要的作用组分。     

Extract from Acanthopanax senticosus Harms (Siberian Ginseng) Activates NTS and SON/PVN in the Rat Brain

The extract of the stem bark of Siberian ginseng, Acanthopanax senticosus Harms (ASH), is believed to play a body-coping role in stress through a brain noradrenergic mechanism. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of ASH on the neuronal activation patterns of c-Fos expression in the rat brain. With ASH administration, c-Fos accumulated in both the supraoptic nuclei (SON) and paraventricular nuclei (PVN), which regulate stress response. Only the caudal regions in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), a locus innervating both the SON and PVN, were activated. Such a neuro-anatomical pattern associated with ASH suggests the possible involvement of these stress-related brain loci.     

辽东栎林下和开阔地上短柄五加(Acanthopanax brachpus)无性系种群生长的比较研究

研究了分布于开阔地和辽东栎林下短柄五加无性系种群拆散方式、无性系的形态可塑性和分株的死亡年龄,研究结果表明,开阔地上无性系分株的扩散方式为稀疏线型,根茎长度、无性系分株数目,林下和开阔地差异显著,根茎分枝角度、无性系根茎总长无显著性差异。林下分株的死亡年龄显著小于开阔地上无性系分株的死亡年龄。     

Butanol Extract of Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Harms Alleviates Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

This study investigated the effect of butanol extract of AS (ASBUE) on atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE^−/−) mice. The mice were administered ASBUE (390 or 130 mg/kg/day) or rosuvastatin (RSV) via oral gavage for eight weeks. In ApoE^−/− mice, ASBUE suppressed the abnormal body weight gain and improved serum and liver biochemical indicators. ASBUE remarkably reduced the aortic plaque area, improved liver pathological conditions, and lipid metabolism abnormalities, and altered the intestinal microbiota structure in ApoE^−/− mice. In the vascular tissue of ASBUE-treated mice, P-IKKβ, P-NFκB, and P-IκBα levels tended to decrease, while IκB-α increased in high fat-diet-fed atherosclerotic mice. These findings demonstrated the anti-atherosclerotic potential of ASBUE, which is mediated by the interaction between the gut microbiota and lipid metabolism and regulated via the Nuclear Factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. This work paves the groundwork for subsequent studies to develop innovative drugs to treat atherosclerosis.     

刺五加传粉生物学研究

本文报道刺五加Eleutherococcus seticosus(Rupr．et Maxim．)Maxim的花朵酬物、访花者类别、访花 者在花序上的访花行为、访花频率及传粉效果。主要结果如下:(1)每朵雄花可提供的报偿是58 000～ 81 000粒花粉,5.5～8.0 µl／d×2～4d花蜜。每朵雌花仅可提供4.0～8.0µl／d× 2～3 d花蜜,不能提 供花粉。每朵两性花可提供19 000～54 000粒花粉和7.0～10.0 µl／d× 2～6 d花蜜。(2)花粉提供者 (雄花和两性花)提供报偿的日期是开花后1～3天,花粉接受者(雌花和两性花在柱头外翻变白时)是 开花后5～7或7～9天,这进一步证实了剌五加雄蕊先熟。另外,花粉提供者提供花蜜的时间在一天中 是8:30至15:30,其高峰是9:00～15:00;花粉接受者提供花蜜的时间在一天中是10:30至16:30,其高 峰是11:00～16:00。这种时间差异可能是刺五加影响传粉者流向(从花粉提供者到花粉接受者)的关键 因素。(3)在刺五加花朵上记录到的访花昆虫有50余种,分别隶属于膜翅目、鳞翅目、鞘翅目、双翅目和 半翅目。在不同天气、不同生境、不同性别的植株记录到的访花频率及高峰时间不同:花粉提供者的 访花高峰早于花粉接受者的;雄株上的访花频率高于雌株的;两性株接受花粉时的访花频率高于提供花 粉时的;而天气越晴朗,刺五加地块(patch)越大,则访花频率越高;每日接受光照越早,访花高峰越早。 (4)从传粉效果看,刺五加种子的形成完全依赖于传粉昆虫的活动。其中,蜂类,如熊蜂、花蜂、切叶蜂、胡蜂和蜜蜂等是最有效的传粉者,其它昆虫如粉蝶、食蚜蝇、寄蝇和鳃角金龟等对传粉也有帮助。     

刺五加多糖研究进展

刺五加多糖(Acanthopanax senticosus polysacharide ASPS)是从五加科植物刺五加(Aaanthopanax senticosus(Rupr.et Mxia)Harns)的根、根皮及果中提取分离的多糖.它是刺五加中除甙类外的另一类活性成分.报报道,刺五加中含有2%～6%碱溶性多糖及2.3%～5.7%水溶性多糖.本文就刺五加多糖的化学及药理学研究做一综述.     

红毛五加叶的三萜皂甙

红毛五加（ＡｃａｎｔｈｏｐａｎａｘｇｉｒａｌｄｉｉＨａｒｍｓ）系五加科五加属植物,分布于河北、河南、四川、陕西、甘肃等省,有祛风湿、通关节、强筋骨、治痿痹等功效［１］。其化学成分未见报道。本文报道红毛五加叶的５个三萜皂甙（甙Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ）的分离鉴定。它们均首次从该属植物发现,其结构如下：　　　　　　　　　　　　　Ｒ１　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Ｒ２　　　　　　　　Ⅰ　ｒｈａｍ－（１→２）－ａｒａ　　　　　Ｈ　　　　　　　Ⅱ　Ｈ　　　ｒｈａｍ－（１→４）－ｇｌｃ－（１→６）－ｇｌｃ　　　　　…